РЕКАЛИБРАЦИЈА КИНЕСКЕ ВЕЛИКЕ СТРАТЕГИЈЕ ТОКОМ АДМИНИСТРАЦИЈЕ ЏОЗЕФА БАЈДЕНА
Сажетак
У светлу континуираног раста дипломатске, технолошке, војне, економске и нормативне моћи Кине, у контексту транзиције ка мултиполарном поретку, Вашингтон је проширио домен конкуренције и ривалства са Пекингом током администрације Џозефа Бајдена. Уз „царинске ратове” Доналда Трампа, Бајденова политика укључила је елементе стратегије „обуздавања 2.0”, надограђене снажним либерално-интернационалистичким дискурсом о неопходности очувања „поретка заснованог на правилима” (Rules-based Order – RBO), као и манихејским наративом о супротстављеним парадигмама „демократије и аутократије”. Овакав приступ довео је до интензивирања RBO наратива у односу на „ауторитарне државе”, изградње савеза против Руске Федерације и Кине, као и до успостављања нових формата секуритизације глобализације и инструментализације глобалних вредносних ланаца у геополитичке сврхе. Суочена са сложеним геополитичким окружењем, Кина је морала да прилагоди своју велику стратегију. Као одговор на RBO, Пекинг је промовисао концепт „истинског мултилатерализма“. Суочен са порастом броја нових „мини-савеза” у Азијско-пацифичком региону, Пекинг је ојачао своје војне капацитете. Изван региона, Кина је наставила са ширењем постојећих (Иницијатива Појас и пут, Шангајска организација за сарадњу, БРИКС) и успостављањем нових мултилатералних иницијатива (Глобална иницијатива за развој, Глобална безбедносна иницијатива, Глобална иницијатива за развој). Кина је показала отпорност и стратешку далековидост, док су флексибилност и кохерентност њене еволуирајуће велике стратегије омогућили Пекингу да „дочека” повратак Доналда Трампа у Белу кућу са спремношћу и самопоуздањем, упркос „неизвесном путу пред собом”.
Ненад Стекић
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