Karolina Rybak
THE PANDEMIC WORLD OF COVID-19 IN EUROPE: POLITOLOGICAL REFLECTION ON STATE OF EXCEPTION IN SELECTED COUNTRIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIAL POLICY MODELS
The state of exception is implemented to protect the security of citizens and public order. During that time the human rights become limited in favor of public authorities. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, only some countries in Europe have declared a state of exception. It is worth to consider what caused this decision. The aim of this article is therefore to determine whether and to what extent a specific model of social policy dominating in the state had an impact on the steps taken to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, and above all whether it determined the implementation of a state of exception. The concept created and developed by many researchers, among the others Bogusław Jagusiak became the background for the considerations. He classified and defined the existing forms of social policy, putting them in the framework of models. The starting point for this research was the typology proposed by Gøst Esping-Andersen. This concept has been developed and the following models have been distinguished: Nordic, Anglo-Saxon, Continental, Mediterranean and Post-Communist. According to the above distinction, five countries that that represent a specific model of social policy to the greatest extent will be selected. For the Nordic, Anglo-Saxon, Continental, Mediterranean and Post-Communist models, these will be Sweden, Great Britain, Germany, Italy and Poland. Then they will be subjected to comparative studies in relation to the issues described above.
