SAJBER ŠPIJUNAŽA I PRAVO NA PRIVATNOST SA ASPEKTA DOSADAŠNjE PRAKSE EVROPSKOG SUDA ZA LJUDSKA PRAVA I UJEDINJENIH NACIJA

Siniša Domazet

Sažetak

Sajber špijunaža u XXI veku predstavlja izazov u međunarodnim odnosima, kao i njena veza sa ljudskim pravima, prevashodno pravom na privatnost. Predmet istraživanja je analiza međusobnog odnosa između delatnosti savremenih obaveštajnih službi i njihovog nastojanja da zaštite nacionalnu bezbednost s jedne strane i potrebe da se zaštiti pravo na privatnost s druge strane. Utvrđeno je da se pravo na privatnost pod određenim okolnostima može ograničiti. Akti Ujedinjenih nacija i jurisprudencija Evropskog suda za ljudska prava definisali su odgovarajuće standarde pri proceni legalnosti ograničenja prava na privatnost. Istraživanje je pokazalo da osporena mera mora imati osnovu u domaćem pravu. Dalje, zakon treba da bude pristupačan datom licu, koje mora biti u stanju da predvidi njegove posledice po njega. Mora se obezbediti i da se mere tajnog nadzora primenjuju samo kada su neophodne u demokratskom društvu posebno obezbeđivanjem adekvatnih i delotvornih zaštitnih mehanizama i garancija protiv zloupotreba. U svakom slučaju ponaosob potrebno je odmeriti proporcionalnost mere nadzora sa obimom ograničenja prava na privatnost, kao i da postoji legitimni cilj za tako nešto. U istraživanju su korišćeni normativni metod i pravno-logički metodi indukcije i dedukcije.

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