Tema broja
ISTRAŽIVANJA
PROBLEMI MLADIH U SRBIJI: ODRASTANJE U USLOVIMA DRUŠTVENE KRIZE
Sažetak
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da utvrdimo sa kojim se problemima suočavaju mladi u Srbiji i kako procenjuju njihovu težinu, kao i da li postoje razlike u zavisnosti od pola, uzrasta, tipa škole i dela Srbije u kome mladi žive. Zanimalo nas je i da li su problemi, tipični za adolescentni uzrast i globalne društvene promene, pojačani odrastanjem u uslovima duboke ekonomske krize i tranzicije. Istraživanje je obavljeno 2007. godine, na uzorku od 2419 mladih, stratifikovanom po regionu (Beograd, Severna, Centralna i Južna Srbija), uzrastu (od prvog do četvrtog razreda srednje škole) i tipu škole (gimnazije i srednje stručne škole). Korišćen je upitnik konstruisan za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Rezultati pokazuju da većinu ispitivanih problema mladi ne doživljavaju kao velike ili posebno ugrožavajuće. Tri problema najviše brinu mlade, u smislu da ih više od trećine doživljava kao veće ili velike probleme: malo zanimljivih mesta za izlaske (46%), nedostatak slobodnog vremena (41%) i dosada (35%). Iznenađujuće mali broj mladih ima ozbiljnijih problema u odnosu sa roditeljima (22%) i vršnjacima (14%). Devojke i stariji srednjoškolci dosledno procenjuju skoro sve razmatrane probleme kao teže. Generalni zaključak je da dobijena slika nije onespokojavajuća, čemu verovatno najviše doprinose lepota, energija i optimizam same mladosti, kao životnog doba.
Reference
- Adwere, B., Curtis, D., “A confirmatory factor analysis of a four-factor model of adolescent concerns revisited”, Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 1993, 22-3, str. 297-312.
- Arnett, J. „Adolescent storm and stress, reconsidered“, American Psychologist, 1999, 5, str. 317-326.
- Ayman-Nolley, S., Taira, L., “Obsession with the Dark Side of Adolescence: A Decade of Psychological Studies”, Journal of Youth Studies, 2000, 3-1, str. 35-48.
- Beck, U., Risk society: Towards a new modernity, Sage, London, 1992.
- Brown, B., “Peer groups and peer cultures”, in S. Feldman i Elliott (eds.): At the threshold: The developing adolescent, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1990.
- Brown, B., Larson, R., “The kaleidoscope of adolescence: Experiences of the world’s youth at the beginning of the 21st Century“, in B. Brown, R. Larson, T. Sraswathi (eds.): The worlds youth: Adolescence in eight regions of the Globe, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004.
- Cairns, E., McWhirter, L., Duffy, U., Barry, R., “The stability of selfconcept in late adolescence: Gender and situational effects”, Personality and Individual Differences, 1990, 11, str. 937-944.
- Coleman, J., “Adolescence and schooling”, in D. Marsland (ed.): Education and Youth, The Falmer Press, London, 1987.
- Coleman, J., “Adolescence in a changing world“, in S. Jackson, H. Rodriguez-Tome (eds.) Adolescence and its social worlds, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ,1993.
- Compas, B., Phares, V, Ledoux, N., “Stress and coping preventive interventions for children and adolescents”, in L. Bond, Compas (eds.): Primary prevention in the schools,: Sage, Newbury Park, CA, 1989.
- Cota-Robles, S., Gamble, W., “Parent-adolescent processes and reduced risk for delinquency”, Youth & Society, 2006, 374, str. 375-392.
- Frydenberg, E., Adolescent Coping: Theoretical and research perspectives, Routledge, London, 1997.
- Grotevant, H., Cooper C., “Individuality and connectedness in adolescent development: Review and prospects for research on identity, relationships, and context”, in E. Skoe, & A. Lippe von der, (eds.): Personality Development in Adolescence: A cross national and life span perspective, Routledge, London, 2005
- Група аутора, Свакодневица младих у Србији. Институт за психологију и Министарство омладине и спорта (пројектни извештај), 2008.
- Hammer, Т., “Social parameters in adolescent development: Challenges to psychological research”, in E. Skoe, & A. Lippe von der, (eds.): Personality Development in Adolescence: A cross national and life span perspective, Routledge, London, 2005.
- Hendry, L., Shucksmith J., Love, J., Glendinning, A., Young people’s leisure and lifestyles, Routledge, London, 1996.
- Jeffrey, C., Mcdowell, L., “Youth in a comparative perspective: Global change, local lives”, Youth & Society, 2004, 36-2, str. 131-142.
- Kaufman, K., Brown, R., Graves, K., Henderson, Р., Revolinski, M., “What, me worry? A survey of adolescents concerns”, Clinical Pediatrics, 1993, 32-1, str. 8-14.
- Laursen, B., Coy, K., Collins, W., “Reconsidering changes in parent-child conflicts across adolescence: A meta-analysis”, Child Development, 1998, 69, str. 817-832.
- Laursen, B., Collins, W., “Interpersonal conflict during adolescence”, Psychological Bulletin, 1994, 115, str. 197-209.
- Marsh, Н., “Age and sex effects in multiple dimensions of self-concept: preadolescence to adulthood”, Journal of Educational Psychology, 1989, 81, str. 417-30.
- Offer, D., Schonert-Reichl, K., “Debunking the myths of adolescence: finding from recent research”, Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 1992, 31, str. 1003-1014.
- Petersen, A., Sarigiani, P, Kennedy, R., “Adolescent depression: why more girls?” Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 1991, 20, str. 247-271.
- Пешић, Ј., Степановић, И., “Школа као средина за учење: ученичка перцепција и њихове стратегије“, у Д. Плут и З. Крњаић (ур.): Друшвена криза и образовање: документ о једном времену. Институт за психологију, Београд, 2004.
- Rokach, A., “Strategies of coping with loneliness throughout the life span”, Current Psychology, 2001, 20-1, str. 3-18.
- Stanton-Salazar, R., Spina, S., “Adolescent peer networks as a context for social and emotional support“, Youth & Society, 2005, 36-4, str. 379-417.
- Свенсен, Л., Филозофија досаде, Геопоетика, Београд, 2004.
- Wildermuth, N., Dalsgaard, A.L., “Imagined futures, present lives: youth, media and modernity“, Young, 2006, 14-1, str. 9-31.